C++ Programming Tutorial

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Functions

Functions encapsulate logic. You declare a return type, name, and parameters. C++ supports overloading and default parameters. Pass large objects by `const&` to avoid copies.

Function Basics

#include \n\nint add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }\n\n// Overload\ndouble add(double a, double b) { return a + b; }\n\n// Pass by reference\nvoid increment(int& x) { ++x; }\n\nint main(){\n    std::cout << add(2,3) << "\n";\n    std::cout << add(2.5,3.5) << "\n";\n\n    int v = 41;\n    increment(v);\n    std::cout << v << "\n";\n    return 0;\n}

Tips

Declare functions in headers and implement in `.cpp` for larger projects.
Use references for mutation, `const&` for read-only large inputs.

Next: Arrays & Vectors Pointers & References

Keep Practicing

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